Hi,
About FROM, you're right: it is set as soon as the tween starts.
And about the dropdown, sadly that's a Unity issue, where there is no way to assign a specific Component (if multiple Components of the same type are present on the same GameObject) as an Inspector reference. That's why I added methods like DOPlayById or DOPlayNext (which plays the next tween on a Component, following a top-down order, that is not already playing, until its internal "tweens counter" reached the end).
About your Sequencing issues, even if DOTweenAnimation was not built to be used with Sequences, that should work. Are you Restarting the Sequence, and not the tween? After you investigate more, send me another repo so I will help you out.
Oh, and I can assure you that DOTween is definitely not focused on a single "play at instantiation" logic, quite the contrary (my tween workflow is most of the time focused on reusing existing tweens instead of "fire and forget").
P.S. I don't know if I mentioned this already, but I'm working on a Visual Editor Sequencing panel to add to DOTween Pro. It won't be tied to a single gameObject and will return a Sequence, so it should be perfect for your case. But before doing that, I'm refactoring some internal parts of DOTweenAnimation/Path, so they will share a common architecture/logic, thus it might take a while.